Vaccinations

Puppies: Receive a series of vaccines starting around 6-8 weeks of age, with boosters every 3-4 weeks until they are about 16 weeks old. Maternal antibodies can interfere with early vaccinations, hence the need for a series.
Adult Dogs: Need boosters for core vaccines typically every 1-3 years, depending on the vaccine and manufacturer. Non-core vaccines usually require annual boosters.

Dog vaccines:

Rabies: A fatal viral disease affecting the nervous system, transmissible to humans. It is legally required in most regions.
Distemper: A highly contagious viral disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.
Adenovirus (Hepatitis): Causes infectious canine hepatitis, affecting the liver, kidneys, and blood vessels.
Parvovirus: A highly contagious viral disease causing severe vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and dehydration, often fatal in puppies.
Parainfluenza: A common cause of kennel cough.
Leptospirosis: A bacterial disease spread through contaminated urine (often from wildlife or rodents) and standing water, causing severe kidney and liver damage. Recommended for dogs with outdoor access, especially in wetter climates or areas with wildlife.
Bordetella (Kennel Cough): Protects against a highly contagious respiratory infection causing severe coughing. Recommended for dogs that interact with other dogs in social settings (dog parks, daycare, boarding).
Lyme Disease: Protects against a tick-borne bacterial disease causing lameness, fever, and kidney problems. Recommended for dogs living in or traveling to areas where Lyme-carrying ticks are prevalent.

Kittens: Start vaccinations around 9 weeks of age, with boosters every 2-3 weeks until they are about 16 weeks old. FeLV is often given as a series in kittens.
Adult Cats: Core vaccines are typically boosted every 1 year. Rabies and FVRCP are often still recommended due to the airborne nature of some diseases or legal requirements.

Cat Vaccines:

Rabies: Similar to dogs, rabies is a fatal viral disease transmissible to humans and is legally required in most areas.
Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR) / Herpesvirus Type 1 (FHV-1): A common cause of upper respiratory infections.
Feline Calicivirus (FCV): Another common cause of upper respiratory infections, which can also lead to oral ulcers.
Feline Panleukopenia (FPV) / Feline Distemper: A highly contagious and often fatal viral disease causing severe gastrointestinal and immune system issues, similar to parvovirus in dogs.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV): Transmitted through direct contact, often via bites. It weakens the immune system and can lead to various cancers and infections. Recommended for kittens and cats with outdoor access or exposure to other cats.

Bordetella (Kennel Cough): Protects against respiratory infections, typically recommended for cats in multi-cat environments like shelters or catteries.
Chlamydia felis: A bacterial cause of conjunctivitis and upper respiratory signs, often seen in catteries.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): A virus that weakens the immune system, making cats susceptible to other infections. Vaccination is not universally recommended and can interfere with FIV testing.

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